Barrel Vaults

They're called barrel vaults because they look like the inside of a barrel.

Arch of Sapor (Iraq, 200 AD)

The earliest barrel vaults were built by people living in the Roman Empire, who used them a lot for roofing. People in the Parthian Empire, about the same time, also used barrel vaults.

In the Middle Ages, architects also used barrel vaults to put stone roofs on Romanesque churches and cathedrals. By the late 1100's AD, however, most architects were using a more complicated kind of stone roof called a groin vault.

To find out more about vaults, check out these books from Amazon.com or from your library:

Arches to Zigzags: An Architecture ABC, by Michael J. Crosbie (2000). Shows what an arch is, or a gable, or an eave. For younger kids.

Eyewitness: Building, by Philip Wilkinson, Dave King, and Geoff Dann (2000). Lavishly illustrated, like other Eyewitness books for kids, and with good explanations of most architectural terms.

Cathedral: The Story of Its Construction, by David Macaulay (1981). Beautiful drawings and clear text explain exactly how medieval craftsmen built a groined vault. For kids.

Groin vaults
About a dome
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