Art of North America after 1500
Rock Art from Utah, about 1700 AD
Most of the art that was made in North America in the
1500's and 1600's AD was made by Native
Americans. There was a lot of it, in many different styles depending
on where you were. In the Pacific Northwest, wealthy families had huge totem
poles carved to show how important they were. In the Southwest, people used
pottery decoration to show what family they were from. In the West, people
carved or painted complicated designs on the bare rock to record their history
(compare this to the Khoisan rock
paintings from Africa about the same time). Some of what they recorded
was the new things they learned from the invading Spanish people - horses,
and wheels.
By the 1700's, European settlers began to make their own art in the style of the places they had come from. They painted oil portraits and made stone statues of their leaders. The Native Americans continued to make new art, learning new ideas and techniques from the Europeans and making them their own. In the Southwest, the Navajo learned to keep sheep and to weave their wool, and they began to weave patterns and colors into their blankets. Other Native Americans began to experiment with painting in oil, sometimes in European art styles and sometimes in their own tradition. Many African art ideas also came to North America about this time on the slave ships - quilting, for example, and batik, and musical instruments like the banjo. But many African art traditions were also lost, because people didn't have much time for art while they were being forced to work as slaves.
By the 1700's, European settlers began to make their own art in the style of the places they had come from. They painted oil portraits and made stone statues of their leaders. The Native Americans continued to make new art, learning new ideas and techniques from the Europeans and making them their own. In the Southwest, the Navajo learned to keep sheep and to weave their wool, and they began to weave patterns and colors into their blankets. Other Native Americans began to experiment with painting in oil, sometimes in European art styles and sometimes in their own tradition. Many African art ideas also came to North America about this time on the slave ships - quilting, for example, and batik, and musical instruments like the banjo. But many African art traditions were also lost, because people didn't have much time for art while they were being forced to work as slaves.
In the 1800's, many Native American art traditions were
also lost when European people took Native American children away from their
parents and their villages to grow up surrounded by only European culture.
On the other hand, many people were able to travel on steamships from Europe
to America and back again, so that North American art was more and more
like European art.
Jackson Pollock painting influenced by Native American sand painting
In the 1900's, this was even more true. European art ideas like Abstract
Art were also popular in North America. Soon European artists like Picasso
became interested in using African and Asian ideas in their own art. North
American artists became interested in these ideas too. After a while, artists
like Jackson Pollock began to also be interested in Native American art.
Then people realized what a mistake it was to lose the Native American art
traditions, and many Native Americans began to recreate their traditional
art, and to create new art combining European and Native American ideas.
Back to main North America page (after 1500)
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